Once I was a clever boy learning the arts of Oxford... is a quotation from the verses written by Bishop Richard Fleming (c.1385-1431) for his tomb in Lincoln Cathedral. Fleming, the founder of Lincoln College in Oxford, is the subject of my research for a D. Phil., and, like me, a son of the West Riding. I have remarked in the past that I have a deeply meaningful on-going relationship with a dead fifteenth century bishop... it was Fleming who, in effect, enabled me to come to Oxford and to learn its arts, and for that I am immensely grateful.


Tuesday, 30 September 2025

Further thoughts on the origins of ‘Feudalism’


Earlier this month I linked in two posts to articles from Medievalists.net by Daniel Bachrach in which he explored the debate about the origins of “Feudalism”, and indeed whether it ever existed as historians of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries believed it had.  These two posts can be seen at Another nail in the coffin of the F word and  at Training the Carolingian army

Medievalists.net has published a third article by Bachrach which summarises a critique of key arguments in Georges Duby’s well known - and often cited - development of a Three Orders or Estates model for eleventh century society.



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